Information Technology

Information technology (IT) is the use of computers to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data, or information, often in the context of a business or other enterprise. IT is considered to be a subset of information and communications technology (ICT).

Humans have been storing, retrieving, manipulating, and communicating information since the Sumerians in Mesopotamia developed writing in about 3000 BC, but the term information technology in its modern sense first appeared in a 1958 article published in the Harvard Business Review; authors Harold J. Leavitt and Thomas L. Whisler commented that "the new technology does not yet have a single established name. We shall call it information technology (IT)." Their definition consists of three categories: techniques for processing, the application of statistical and mathematical methods to decision-making, and the simulation of higher-order thinking through computer programs.

The term is commonly used as a synonym for computers and computer networks, but it also encompasses other information distribution technologies such as television and telephones. Several products or services within an economy are associated with information technology, including computer hardware, software, electronics, semiconductors, internet, telecom equipment, and e-commerce.[a]

Based on the storage and processing technologies employed, it is possible to distinguish four distinct phases of IT development: pre-mechanical (3000 BC – 1450 AD), mechanical (1450–1840), electromechanical (1840–1940), and electronic (1940–present). This article focuses on the most recent period (electronic), which began in about 1940.

* Description and images provided by Wikipedia under CC-BY-SA 3.0 license .

Matching Information Technology Colleges

University of Phoenix-Arizona

Four or more years; Private for profit; $9,552 average out-state tuition; $9,552 average in-state tuition

Western Governors University

Four or more years; Private not for profit; $7,162 average out-state tuition; $7,162 average in-state tuition

University of the Cumberlands

Four or more years; Private not for profit; $9,875 average out-state tuition; $9,875 average in-state tuition

George Mason University

Four or more years; Public; $32,970 average out-state tuition; $9,510 average in-state tuition

Carnegie Mellon University

Four or more years; Private not for profit; $57,560 average out-state tuition; $57,560 average in-state tuition

Grand Canyon University

Four or more years; Private for profit; $16,401 average out-state tuition; $16,401 average in-state tuition

Kaplan University-Davenport Campus

Four or more years; Private for profit; $13,356 average out-state tuition; $13,356 average in-state tuition

Scholarships for Information Technology Majors

Bullet name award deadline Link
 

Edith Nourse Rogers STEM Scholarship

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

Up to $30,000 Varies See Details
 

Edith Nourse Rogers STEM Scholarship

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

award

Up to $30,000

deadline

Varies
See Details
 

Emmy Noether Award

Joe W. and Dorothy Dorsett Brown Foundation

Up to $75,000 March 27, 2024 See Details
 

Emmy Noether Award

Joe W. and Dorothy Dorsett Brown Foundation

award

Up to $75,000

deadline

March 27, 2024
See Details
 

NCK Tech Kansas Promise Scholarship

North Central Kansas Technical College

Up to $20,000 Varies See Details
 

NCK Tech Kansas Promise Scholarship

North Central Kansas Technical College

award

Up to $20,000

deadline

Varies
See Details
 

Big Bang Theory Graduate Fellowship-PAID

University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA)

$20,000 May 01, 2024 See Details
 

Big Bang Theory Graduate Fellowship-PAID

University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA)

award

$20,000

deadline

May 01, 2024
See Details
 

Alois Bulawa Scholarship

University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee - Lubar School of Business

$10,500 Varies See Details
 

Alois Bulawa Scholarship

University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee - Lubar School of Business

award

$10,500

deadline

Varies
See Details
 

SEI Native American Education Scholarship

Solar Energy International (SEI)

$10,000 Varies See Details
 

SEI Native American Education Scholarship

Solar Energy International (SEI)

award

$10,000

deadline

Varies
See Details
 

SEI Energy Women in Solar Scholarship

Solar Energy International (SEI)

$10,000 Varies See Details
 

SEI Energy Women in Solar Scholarship

Solar Energy International (SEI)

award

$10,000

deadline

Varies
See Details
 

MSISPM American Security Professional Fellowships

Carnegie Mellon University

$10,000 Varies See Details
 

MSISPM American Security Professional Fellowships

Carnegie Mellon University

award

$10,000

deadline

Varies
See Details
 

MISM American Technology Fellowships

Carnegie Mellon University

$10,000 Varies See Details
 

MISM American Technology Fellowships

Carnegie Mellon University

award

$10,000

deadline

Varies
See Details
 

EAGLES Scholarship - PSU

Portland State University

$10,000 Varies See Details
 

EAGLES Scholarship - PSU

Portland State University

award

$10,000

deadline

Varies
See Details