The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio is a component of the University of Texas System and is an institute of health science education and research located in the South Texas Medical Center, the medical district of the U.S. city of San Antonio, Texas.

The UT Health Science Center is the largest health sciences university in South Texas. The Health Science Center serves San Antonio and all of the 50,000 square miles (130,000 km2) area of Central and South Texas. It extends to campuses in the Texas border communities of Laredo and the Lower Rio Grande Valley.

The Health Science Center has produced more than 28,000 graduates, and currently more than 3,000 students a year train in an environment that involves more than 100 affiliated hospitals, clinics and health care facilities in South Texas. The university offers more than 65 degrees, the large majority of them being graduate and professional degrees, in the biomedical and health sciences fields.

The Health Science Center is home to the Cancer Therapy & Research Center (CTRC) at The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio - one of the elite cancer centers in the country to be designated a National Cancer Institute Cancer Center. The CTRC's Institute for Drug Development (IDD) is internationally recognized for conducting one of the largest oncology Phase I clinical drug trials programs in the world. Fifteen of the cancer drugs most recently approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration underwent development or testing at the IDD. Other noted programs include: cellular and structural biology, urology, nephrology, transplantation biology, aging and longevity studies, cardiology and research imaging. The Health Science Center publishes a periodic magazine, The Mission.

In 2006, $263 million of facility upgrades were allocated for the campus by the University of Texas System Board of Regents. This included a $150 million 200,000-square-foot (19,000 m2) South Texas Research Facility (designed by super architect Rafael Vinoly). The building was dedicated in October 2011.

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